A brief discussion on each group of the CAAP-Js is presented. The CAAP-Js are grouped into six categories based on their electrode configuration. In this review, the state-of-the-art of the development of CAAP-Js is presented. Fortunately, after decades of research, several CAAP-Js have been reported. Furthermore, when air rather than noble gases is used as working gas, due to the low energy levels of rotational and vibrational states of nitrogen and oxygen, it becomes extremely challenging to generate cold atmospheric pressure air plasma jet (CAAP-J) with gas temperature close to or at room temperature. However, under one atmospheric pressure, due to the high electron–neutral particles collision frequency (1011–12/s), it is difficult to generate atmospheric pressure plasma while keeping the gas temperature close to or at room temperature.

All these mitigations proved highly efficient, but the utmost benefits for skin damage reduction were connected to skin temperature reduction, the reduction in reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the increase in reactive nitrogen species (RNS).Ĭold atmospheric-pressure plasma jet generates rich reactive species including reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species with gas temperature close to or at room temperature, which is very attractive for applications such as plasma medicine. Then, the skin damage caused by a He plasma jet was explored, focusing on damage mitigation with different liquid interfaces applied to the treatment site, adding N 2 to the gas mixture, or alternating the gas flow dynamics by elongating the jet's glass orifice with a funnel. The results pointed to the perpendicular orientation of a He plasma jet as the most promising condition with the least skin damage. First, the focus was on exploring plasma effects on skin damage formation with different plasma gases and jet inclinations.

For this reason, we investigated how kHz plasma generated in a jet that is known to inflict skin damage interacts with mouse skin and explored how we can reduce the skin damage. Many studies have been conducted in vitro on mouse skin cells, but only a few in vivo where, due to the complexity of the biological system, plasma can cause severe damages. The possible benefits of an atmospheric pressure plasma jet skin treatment have been tested in vivo on mouse skin.

How to use jetmouse